Publishable Summary: This deliverable aims to present the findings of the efforts for the feasibility studies for valorisation of spent caustic. Information related to the results from literature research, detailed characterization of spent caustic, the findings from the focus group meetings and the “Regional Industrial Symbiosis Vision Workshop” can be found in the relevant sections of the deliverable. Pulp & paper and cardboard industries seem to be the sectors with the IS potential for spent caustic. The main barrier for the implementation of IS option in pulp & paper industry is the need of a large investment in an emerging technology with very few demonstrations around the world. As a next, first interactions with the leading producers of Turkey are planned to be done to discuss the IS option and the necessary investment. The main barrier for investigating the possibility of using spent caustic in cardboard industry is confidentiality issues. After resolving the confidentiality issues, a laboratory study will be carried out with a company from cardboard sector to investigate the effects of spent caustic on the process and products.
The deliverable also presents the findings related to investigation of valorization of CO2. Different synergies evolved during the course of CORALIS project. One example is the INITIATE project, which aims to advance the implementation of circular economy and industrial symbiosis by re-using residual steel gases as a resource for the cross-sectorial, more efficient and less wasteful manufacture of urea, at a significantly reduced carbon footprint. As a result of this synergy, studies related to investigation of valorization of CO2 started. In scope of this study, a techno economic assessment for carbon capture in TUPRAS refineries was carried out. In addition to the techno economic studies, the barriers and limitations were investigated. A very brief summary of this study is presented in the following sections of this deliverable while the details of these studies can be found in D.3.2.